Cholera
Disease or epidemic cholera is an infectious disease in the digestive tract caused by the bacterium Vibrio cholerae. These bacteria usually enters the body through drinking water contaminated by improper sanitation or by eating fish is not cooked properly, especially shellfish. Symptoms include diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea, vomiting, and dehydration. Death is usually caused by dehydration. If left untreated, then the patient
is high risk of death. Treatment can be done with aggressive
rehydration "regimen", usually delivered intravenously on an ongoing
basis until the diarrhea stops.
Treatment
Rehydration
The main treatment done by restoring
the lost body fluids or adequate rehydration until the disease is
complete (usually 1 to 5 days without antibiotic treatment). Rehydration
can be done to intravenous infusion fluids (in severe cases) or with
oral rehydration with ORS (oral rehydration solution).
Antibiotics
Antibiotics have a secondary but
important role by reducing the degree of illness and duration of
excretion of the disease. Giving antibiotics should be done after
vomiting symptoms subside (or after the first rehydration and recovery from acidosis). The first choice
of antibiotics used in Indonesia is tetracycline and second choice is
trimethoprim / sulfamethoxazole (when V. cholerae in patients resistant
to tetracycline).
corneille killy
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